In [[Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)]], encapsulation is a fundamental concept: objects bundle data and behavior to control data access through behavior. Although [[Making attributes public breaks encapsulation]], there are situations where it might be necessary due to language constraints, context, or specific design requirements. For instance, JavaScript initially lacked access modifiers, so developers used leading underscores to indicate private attributes. In cases where data is immutable, public attributes can be suitable. Additionally, in performance-critical applications, using public attributes might reduce the overhead of accessor methods, enhancing efficiency. However, be cautious when making attributes public.